Several ways of axial positioning of bearings

The choice of the positioning of the bearing on the shaft and in the housing bore depends on the magnitude and direction of the load acting on the shaft, the speed of the bearing, the type of bearing, the position of the bearing on the shaft, and so on.

1. Positioning of the outer ring

When the outer ring of the bearing is installed in the hole of the outer casing, the inner side of the outer hole of the outer casing generally has a position for fixing the bearing on the shoulder, and the other side is positioned by the end cover, the threaded ring and the hole with a flexible retaining ring.

(1) End cap positioning

End cap positioning is used for all types of radial and angular contact bearings, with high bearing speeds and large axial loads. The end cap is screwed to the outer ring of the compression bearing, and the end cap can also be made into a labyrinth seal.

(2) Thread ring positioning

The bearing speed is high, the axial load is large, and it is not suitable for positioning with the end cover. The threaded ring can be used to position the radial bearing and the thrust bearing, which can be used to adjust the axial clearance of the bearing.

(3) Flexible retaining ring positioning

The positioning method occupies a small axial position, is easy to install and disassemble, is simple to manufacture, and is suitable for withstanding a small axial load. An adjustment ring is added between the bearing and the spring to facilitate adjustment of the axial position.

(4) Deep groove ball bearings with retaining grooves on the outer ring of the bearing can be positioned by the stop ring.

This type is used when the retaining shoulder cannot be machined due to conditional restrictions in the housing bore, or when the part must be reduced in profile size.

2. Positioning of the inner ring of the bearing

When the inner ring of the bearing is mounted on the shaft, the bearing is generally fixed to the bearing on one side, and the other side is fixed by a nut, a retaining washer or a spring retaining ring. The dimensions of the shoulder and axial fixed parts and the inner ring of the bearing can be determined according to the mounting dimensions of the various types of bearings listed in the bearing size table.

(1) Nut positioning

In the case of a high bearing speed and a large axial load, the end face of the nut in contact with the inner ring of the bearing should be perpendicular to the center line of rotation of the shaft. Otherwise, even tightening the nut will destroy the bearing installation position and the normal working state of the bearing, reducing the bearing rotation accuracy and service life. In particular, when the inner bore of the bearing and the shaft are loosely fitted, strict control is required.

In order to prevent loosening of the nut during rotation, it is necessary to take appropriate technical measures to prevent loosening. Use the nut and the retaining washer to position, insert the inner teeth of the retaining washer into the keyway of the shaft, and bend one of the teeth on the outer ring into the slit of the nut.

(2) Spring retainer positioning

When the bearing is not subjected to axial load, the speed is not high, the shaft is short, and it is difficult to machine the thread on the journal, the elastic ring with a rectangular cross section can be used for positioning. This method is convenient for loading and unloading, has a small position and is simple to manufacture.

(3) Thrust washer positioning

In the case where the journal is short and the journal is difficult to machine into a thread, and the bearing speed is high and the axial load is large, the washer can be positioned, that is, the washer is positioned with two or more screws on the shaft end face. The retaining washer or wire is screwed to prevent loosening.

(4) Alignment sleeve positioning

Spherical roller bearings with low bearing speeds and withstand smooth radial loads and small axial loads can be mounted on the optical axis by means of tapered adapter sleeves. The adapter sleeve and the retaining washer are used for positioning. The bearing is positioned by the friction of the nut lock sleeve.

(5) Tapered bearing positioning of the inner hole

The tapered bearing of the inner hole is mounted on the taper shaft, and the axial load is required to check the tightening shaft and the bearing.

Pay attention to the directionality of the taper of the inner hole during this installation. If the bearing is at the shaft end and is allowed to be machined into a thread at the shaft end, it can be positioned directly with a nut.

If the bearing is not mounted on the shaft end, the shaft is not allowed to be machined into threads. In this case, the threaded ring of the two halves can be snapped into the groove of the shaft and the bearing can be positioned with a nut.

(6) Special positioning

In some special cases, when the shoulder and fillet dimensions of the shaft are not as determined by the mounting dimensions listed in this catalog, a transition washer can be used as the axial support.